Lesson 6.44 PEANUTS - Arachis hypogaea

 

FOOD FOREST COURSE

AGRO-ECONOMY Lesson 6.44 

PEANUTS - Arachis hypogaea

 

Peanuts probably offer the most energy yield per unit area of land of all the legumes.  The peanut is widely grown in the warmer areas around the world.  In PNG it is a familiar village crop as it is in many villages around the tropical and subtropical belts.

Cultivation

Peanuts like to be grown in a light; friable soil and often they are planted on mounds or ridges to encourage productivity.  The peanuts are usually planted in rows 60-80 cm apart with about 10 cm between plants.  The peanuts can be planted directly into the ground but take the peanuts out of the shell first. 

Planting can be started in early spring through to mid-summer taking care to leave at least three good warm summer months to enable peanut formation to occur.  It takes 100-140 days from seed to harvest depending on the variety and conditions they are growing in.  Many varieties are quite free from pest and disease, but rust and soil born fungi can sometimes cause problems.  Crop rotations will discourage this.

Harvesting

The peanuts are ready for harvesting when the tops have yellowed and wilted. 

Carefully dig out the entire plant and hang upside down in a cool airy place to thoroughly dry.  Only matured peanuts that have been freshly harvested should be consumed.  Check over for moulds, as peanuts are very susceptible to aflatoxins.

Food value

The peanut is high in protein and is a very tasty addition to sweet potato by the people of PNG.  Peanut oil is also widely used all over the world for cooking.

Peanuts are more digestible when cooked but many people also eat them raw. 

Text from the roots, Elisabeth Ferkonia (Aus.) PDC studied with Bill Mollison,




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