Lesson 6.70 COCONUT - Cocos nicifera

  

FOOD FOREST COURSE

AGRO-ECONOMY

Lesson 6.70 COCONUT - Cocos nicifera  


The coconut is the most important tree crop in the world with over two hundred by-products.  There is the tall variety that grow up to twenty-six metres tall and they take up to four and a half to ten years to bear and the dwarf variety that are up to fourteen metres tall and they take four to six years to bear. 

The origin of coconuts is open to speculation, as for millennia they have been washed up on land after drifting for thousands of miles in the ocean.  Where in the tropical world would we be without coconuts?  Coconuts have so many uses and cooking with tropical vegetables would be unimaginable without this delicious, creamy, white fluid. 

 

Cultivation 

Unlike most tropical vegetables and fruits, the coconut tree will not thrive in the sub tropics. If you are lucky enough to get the tree to grow it might not reward you with those delicious coconuts that nearly every tropical dish deserves.  I like living in the subtropics but there are a few disadvantages and not being able to grow coconuts is one of them.  So, I’m afraid it’s the tinned variety for me, and yes, I know, it’s not quite the same as the real thing. 

In the right environment coconuts will simply grow themselves on the shores of the oceans in the tropical belt, otherwise they can be cultivated in much the same way as we grow bananas in banana circles.  By digging out a large hollow of around two to five metres and then planting twelve to twenty trees inside the circle and filling in the rest with chop and drop mulch, these trees will do better than planted straight into the ground.   

 

Other crops such as cassava, yams, taro and bananas can be planted in between.  If you have access to coconut trees then picking up the fallen coconuts and propagating them in pots will be very easy.  The coconuts that come from overseas and end up in the shops cannot be used as they’ve been irradiated.  This means that the germ has died and it also means that the coconut is dead food as all the enzymes have been destroyed.  Sad but true. 

Harvesting 

The coconuts that end up on the ground are already too old to eat, as they need to be picked fresh from the tree.  Life was not meant to be easy.  Select the largest ones for picking as the smaller ones might be too young and the white flesh will not yet be fully formed. 

 The older coconuts need not be wasted though, as these can be left to sprout on sand or soil.  They can then be halved by machete to expose the sweet pithy centre, the coconut apple, which is a delight to eat. 

Text from the roots, Elisabeth Ferkonia (Aus.) PDC studied with Bill Mollison.

 



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